001 - 使用鸿蒙WebView创建简单浏览器 step 1-开源中国

打开官网,找到WebView的文档(模拟器不支持)

鸿蒙webview的开发指南(原始链接,方便大家识别并点击):https://developer.harmonyocnblogs.com/cn/docs/documentation/doc-guides/ui-java-component-webview-0000001092715158

001 - 使用鸿蒙WebView创建简单浏览器 step 1
2. 创建一个Page Ability,把基本布局弄好

001 - 使用鸿蒙WebView创建简单浏览器 step 1

下面是代码


DirectionalLayout
    xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
    ohos:height="match_parent"
    ohos:width="match_parent"
    ohos:orientation="vertical">
    DirectionalLayout
        ohos:height="30vp"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:orientation="horizontal">
        TextField
            ohos:id="$+id:text_webView_Url"
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_simple_web_view"
            ohos:focus_border_enable="true"
            ohos:hint="请输入网址"
            ohos:max_text_lines="1"
            ohos:multiple_lines="false"
            ohos:scrollable="true"
            ohos:text="www.harmonyocnblogs.com"
            ohos:text_size="50"
            ohos:weight="1"
            />
        Button
            ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_surf"
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="60vp"
            ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
            ohos:text="跳转"
            ohos:text_size="50"/>
    DirectionalLayout>
    ProgressBar
        ohos:id="$+id:other_webView_progressBar"
        ohos:height="10vp"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:visibility="hide">
    ProgressBar>
    ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView
        ohos:id="$+id:webview_webview_webview"
        ohos:height="match_parent"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:weight="1">
    ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView>
    DirectionalLayout
        ohos:height="30vp"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:orientation="horizontal">
        DirectionalLayout
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:orientation="horizontal"
            ohos:weight="1">
            Button
                ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_back"
                ohos:height="match_content"
                ohos:width="match_parent"
                ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
                ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
                ohos:text="向后"
                ohos:text_size="50"
                >
            Button>
        DirectionalLayout>
        DirectionalLayout
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:orientation="horizontal"
            ohos:weight="1">
            Button
                ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_refresh"
                ohos:height="match_content"
                ohos:width="match_parent"
                ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
                ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
                ohos:text="刷新"
                ohos:text_size="50">
            Button>
        DirectionalLayout>
        DirectionalLayout
            ohos:height="match_content"
            ohos:width="match_parent"
            ohos:orientation="horizontal"
            ohos:weight="1">
            Button
                ohos:id="$+id:button_webview_forward"
                ohos:height="match_content"
                ohos:width="match_parent"
                ohos:background_element="$graphic:button_element"
                ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
                ohos:text="向前"
                ohos:text_size="50">
            Button>
        DirectionalLayout>
    DirectionalLayout>
DirectionalLayout>

把基本的按钮事件弄好

序号	按钮	功能
1	跳转	把文本框中的网址打开
2	后退	在webview中点了新链接后,想回去看一看
3	刷新	以前的人在网络不好,美女图片出不来的时候用,现在一般是发了一篇帖子后,作者会没事点一下,看看有没有人点赞
4	前进	跟后退是关联用的,就是点了新链接,回去看了看后,还是觉得新链接更好看,就又要前进.

代码

    Component.ClickedListener clickedListener = new Component.ClickedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(Component component) {
            int componentId = component.getId();
            switch (componentId) {
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf: {
                    urlAddress = textWebViewUrl.getText();
                    if (urlAddress.isEmpty()) {
                        return;
                    }
                    if (!urlAddress.startsWith(FinalValue.URL_HTTPS)) {
                        urlAddress = FinalValue.URL_HTTPS + urlAddress;
                    }
                    webView.load(urlAddress);

                   
                }
                break;
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back: {
                    if (webView.getNavigator().canGoBack()) {
                        webView.getNavigator().goBack();
                    }
                }
                break;
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh: {
                    webView.reload();
                }
                break;
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward: {
                    if (webView.getNavigator().canGoForward()) {
                        webView.getNavigator().goForward();
                    }
                }
                break;
                default: {
                    System.out.println("没有选择任何的页面");
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    };

把WebView照文档上面的要求弄好

没啥好说的,就是规定.我加在了调用load方法打开网址那行代码后面,我还弄了一个跟进度条关联的功能

  //允许javascript交互

                    WebConfig webConfig = webView.getWebConfig();
                    webConfig.setDataAbilityPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setJavaScriptPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setLoadsImagesPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setMediaAutoReplay(true);
                    webConfig.setLocationPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setSecurityMode(WebConfig.SECURITY_SELF_ADAPTIVE);

                    webView.setWebAgent(new WebAgent() {
                        @Override
                        public void onLoadingPage(WebView webView, String url, PixelMap favicon) {
                            super.onLoadingPage(webView, url, favicon);
                            // 这儿我加了一个更新网址文本框中新页面url的功能
                            if (url != urlAddress) {
                               textWebViewUrl.setText(url);
                            }

                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onPageLoaded(WebView webView, String url) {
                            super.onPageLoaded(webView, url);
                            // 页面加载结束后自定义处理
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onLoadingContent(WebView webView, String url) {
                            super.onLoadingContent(webView, url);
                            // 加载资源时自定义处理
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onError(WebView webView, ResourceRequest request, ResourceError error) {
                            super.onError(webView, request, error);
                            // 发生错误时自定义处理
                        }
                    });
                    webView.setBrowserAgent(new BrowserAgent(SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice.this) {
                        @Override
                        public void onTitleUpdated(WebView webView, String title) {
                            super.onTitleUpdated(webView, title);
                            // 标题变更时自定义处理
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onProgressUpdated(WebView webView, int newProgress) {
                            super.onProgressUpdated(webView, newProgress);
                            if (newProgress  FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                                otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE);
                                otherWebViewProgressBar.setProgressValue(newProgress);
                            } else if (newProgress == FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                                otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.HIDE);
                            }
                            // 加载进度变更时自定义处理
                        }
                    });

完事?or完了还有事?

从上面拷代码的话,估计完事了.但是,我是用的回忆,但是代码却没有回退,所以我还是有必要在这儿把步骤中的问题说一说,方便不拷代码的同学也能跑出一个界面.主要体现如下:
1. 权限配置,不多说
```
 "reqPermissions": [
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET"
      }
    ]
```

xml中的WebView要带包名

  ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView
        ohos:id="$+id:webview_webview_webview"
        ohos:height="match_parent"
        ohos:width="match_parent"
        ohos:weight="1">
    ohos.agp.components.webengine.WebView>

1. 不按上面包名写的话:
  - 真机运行后没有WebView的界面.哪怕weight=1,也不行
  - 点击跳转按钮后,PageAbility会闪退,回到首屏(调用它的页面)
完事效果:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1tK4y1o7Hz/

完整代码

布局

序号为2的步骤中贴全了

按钮背景


shape xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
       ohos:shape="rectangle">
    corners
        ohos:radius="20"/>
    solid
        ohos:color="#70dbdb"/>
shape>

java代码

package com.javaaier.family.huawei.slice;

import com.javaaier.family.huawei.ResourceTable;
import com.javaaier.family.huawei.common.FinalValue;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.components.*;
import ohos.agp.components.webengine.*;
import ohos.media.image.PixelMap;

/**
 * @Author JavaAIer
 * @Description : webview控件例子1:用于简单的测试webview的用法 

 * 001 简单webview示例
 * @Date: 2021/4/16
 */
public class SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
    String urlAddress;


    ProgressBar otherWebViewProgressBar;
    TextField textWebViewUrl;
    Button buttonWebViewSurf, buttonWebViewBack, buttonWebViewRefresh, buttonWebViewForward;
    WebView webView;

    Component.ClickedListener clickedListener = new Component.ClickedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(Component component) {
            int componentId = component.getId();
            switch (componentId) {
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf: {
                    urlAddress = textWebViewUrl.getText();
                    if (urlAddress.isEmpty()) {
                        return;
                    }
                    if (!urlAddress.startsWith(FinalValue.URL_HTTPS)) {
                        urlAddress = FinalValue.URL_HTTPS + urlAddress;
                    }
                    webView.load(urlAddress);

                    //允许javascript交互

                    WebConfig webConfig = webView.getWebConfig();
                    webConfig.setDataAbilityPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setJavaScriptPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setLoadsImagesPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setMediaAutoReplay(true);
                    webConfig.setLocationPermit(true);
                    webConfig.setSecurityMode(WebConfig.SECURITY_SELF_ADAPTIVE);

                    webView.setWebAgent(new WebAgent() {
                        @Override
                        public void onLoadingPage(WebView webView, String url, PixelMap favicon) {
                            super.onLoadingPage(webView, url, favicon);
                            // 页面开始加载时自定义处理
                            if (url != urlAddress) {
                               textWebViewUrl.setText(url);
                            }

                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onPageLoaded(WebView webView, String url) {
                            super.onPageLoaded(webView, url);
                            // 页面加载结束后自定义处理
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onLoadingContent(WebView webView, String url) {
                            super.onLoadingContent(webView, url);
                            // 加载资源时自定义处理
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onError(WebView webView, ResourceRequest request, ResourceError error) {
                            super.onError(webView, request, error);
                            // 发生错误时自定义处理
                        }
                    });
                    webView.setBrowserAgent(new BrowserAgent(SimpleWebViewAbilitySlice.this) {
                        @Override
                        public void onTitleUpdated(WebView webView, String title) {
                            super.onTitleUpdated(webView, title);
                            // 标题变更时自定义处理
                        }

                        @Override
                        public void onProgressUpdated(WebView webView, int newProgress) {
                            super.onProgressUpdated(webView, newProgress);
                            if (newProgress  FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                                otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.VISIBLE);
                                otherWebViewProgressBar.setProgressValue(newProgress);
                            } else if (newProgress == FinalValue.PROGRESS_BAR_FINISHED) {
                                otherWebViewProgressBar.setVisibility(Component.HIDE);
                            }
                            // 加载进度变更时自定义处理
                        }
                    });
                }
                break;
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back: {
                    if (webView.getNavigator().canGoBack()) {
                        webView.getNavigator().goBack();
                    }
                }
                break;
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh: {
                    webView.reload();
                }
                break;
                case ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward: {
                    if (webView.getNavigator().canGoForward()) {
                        webView.getNavigator().goForward();
                    }
                }
                break;
                default: {
                    System.out.println("没有选择任何的页面");
                }
                break;
            }
        }
    };

    /**
     * @Author JavaAIer
     * @Description :
     * @Date: 2021/4/16 14:46
     * * @param intent
     */
    @Override

    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_simple_web_view);
        otherWebViewProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_other_webView_progressBar);
        textWebViewUrl = (TextField) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_webView_Url);
        buttonWebViewSurf = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_surf);
        buttonWebViewSurf.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
        buttonWebViewBack = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_back);
        buttonWebViewBack.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
        buttonWebViewRefresh = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_refresh);
        buttonWebViewRefresh.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
        buttonWebViewForward = (Button) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_button_webview_forward);
        buttonWebViewForward.setClickedListener(clickedListener);
        webView = (WebView) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_webview_webview_webview);


    }

    @Override
    public void onActive() {
        super.onActive();
    }

    @Override
    public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
        super.onForeground(intent);
    }
}
/*
* 这一截卡哇伊大喵在config.json用了,我发现用不用没啥区别啊
* https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33259323/article/details/115596296
*  "default": {
      "network": {
        "cleartextTraffic": true,
        "securityConfig": {
          "domainSettings": {
            "cleartextPermitted": true,
            "domains": [
              {
                "subdomains": true,
                "name": "www.harmonyocnblogs.com"
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      }
    }
*
* */

 

 
- config.json
 
   ``` json
   {
     "app": {
       "bundleName": "com.javaaier.family.huawei",
       "vendor": "javaaier",
       "version": {
         "code": 1,
         "name": "1.0"
       },
       "apiVersion": {
         "compatible": 5,
         "target": 5,
         "releaseType": "Beta1"
       }
     },
     "deviceConfig": {
   
     },
     "module": {
       "package": "com.javaaier.family.huawei",
       "name": ".MyApplication",
       "deviceType": [
         "phone"
       ],
       "distro": {
         "deliveryWithInstall": true,
         "moduleName": "entry",
         "moduleType": "entry"
       },
       "abilities": [
         {
           "skills": [
             {
               "entities": [
                 "entity.system.home"
               ],
               "actions": [
                 "action.system.home"
               ]
             }
           ],
           "orientation": "unspecified",
           "name": "com.javaaier.family.huawei.MainAbility",
           "icon": "$media:icon",
           "description": "$string:mainability_description",
           "label": "$string:app_name",
           "type": "page",
           "launchType": "standard"
         },
         {
           "orientation": "unspecified",
           "name": "com.javaaier.family.huawei.SimpleWebViewAbility",
           "icon": "$media:icon",
           "description": "$string:simplewebviewability_description",
           "label": "$string:app_name",
           "type": "page",
           "launchType": "standard"
         }
       ],
       "reqPermissions": [
         {
           "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET"
         }
       ]
     }
   }

作者：人工智能姬

想了解更多内容，请访问51CTO和华为合作共建的鸿蒙社区：https://harmonyos.51cto.com#kyzg

001 - 使用鸿蒙WebView创建简单浏览器 step 1

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