Shiro是Apache 的一个强大且易用的Java安全框架,执行身份验证、授权、密码学和会话管理。Shiro 主要分为两个部分就是认证和授权两部分
Subject代表了当前用户的安全操作
SecurityManager:它是Shiro框架的核心,典型的Facade模式,Shiro通过SecurityManager来管理内部组件实例,并通过它来提供安全管理的各种服务。
Authenticator即认证器,对用户身份进行认证,Authenticator是一个接口,shiro提供ModularRealmAuthenticator实现类,通过ModularRealmAuthenticator基本上可以满足大多数需求,也可以自定义认证器。
Authorizer即授权器,用户通过认证器认证通过,在访问功能时需要通过授权器判断用户是否有此功能的操作权限。
Realm充当了Shiro与应用安全数据间的“桥梁”或者“连接器”。也就是说,当对用户执行认证(登录)和授权(访问控制)验证时,Shiro会从应用配置的Realm中查找用户及其权限信息。
sessionManager即会话管理,shiro框架定义了一套会话管理,它不依赖web容器的session,所以shiro可以使用在非web应用上。
Shiro相关类介绍
(1)Authentication 认证 —— 用户登录
(2)Authorization 授权 —- 用户具有哪些权限
(3)Cryptography 安全数据加密
(4)Session Management 会话管理
(5)Web Integration web系统集成
(6)Interations 集成其它应用,spring、缓存框架
完整的pom文件如下:
4.0.0
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.4.1
com.gt.shiro
com.sunyue.shiro
1.0-SNAPSHOT
jar
1.8
1.1.10
1.2.10
2.1.4
2.0.4
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-tomcat
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-jetty
org.mybatis.spring.boot
mybatis-spring-boot-starter
${mybatis.version}
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf
com.github.theborakompanioni
thymeleaf-extras-shiro
2.0.0
org.apache.shiro
shiro-spring
1.4.0
com.alibaba
druid-spring-boot-starter
${druid.verzion}
com.github.pagehelper
pagehelper-spring-boot-starter
${pagehelper.version}
mysql
mysql-connector-java
runtime
org.projectlombok
lombok
true
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
com.gt.shiro.SpringShiroApplication
application.yml配置文件:
# 开发时关闭缓存,不然没法看到实时页面
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
# 用非严格的 HTML
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=utf-8
spring.thymeleaf.servlet.content-type=text/html
spring.datasource.druid.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shiro?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.druid.username=root
spring.datasource.druid.password=admin
spring.datasource.druid.initial-size=1
spring.datasource.druid.min-idle=1
spring.datasource.druid.max-active=20
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow=true
#springbootjdbc导入包不和以前一样
spring.datasource.druid.driver-class-name= com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.gt.shiro.entity
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
#打印数据库的操作
logging.level.com.example.springsecurity.dao=debug
#redis缓存
### 配置Redis
mybatis.configuration.cache-enabled=true
# Redis数据库索引(默认为0)
spring.redis.database=0
# Redis服务器地址
spring.redis.host=...
# Redis服务器连接端口
spring.redis.port=6379
# Redis服务器连接密码(默认为空)
spring.redis.password=sunyue
# 连接池最大连接数(使用负值表示没有限制)
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=200
# 连接池最大阻塞等待时间(使用负值表示没有限制)
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-wait=-1
# 连接池中的最小空闲连接
spring.redis.jedis.pool.min-idle=0
# 连接超时时间(毫秒)
spring.redis.timeout=1000
Shiro两个重要的配置类:
1.UserRealm
package com.gt.shiro.config;
import com.gt.shiro.entity.TestUser;
import com.gt.shiro.server.TestUserServer;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Autowired
private TestUserServer testUserServer;
/**
* 执行授权逻辑
*
* @param principalCollection
* @return
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行授权逻辑");
/*获取当前登录的用户信息*/
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
TestUser testUser = (TestUser) subject.getPrincipal();
//设置角色,多个角色
/*Set rolesSet = new HashSet();
rolesSet.add(testUser.getRole());*/
//SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(rolesSet);
//给资源进行授权
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
/*可以在以下list加入多个权限*/
/*List roles = new ArrayList();
roles.add(testUser.getPerms());
info.addRoles(roles);*/
//设置权限
info.addRole(testUser.getRole());
//需要判断权限是否为空值(null是没有地址,""是有地址但是里面的内容是空的)
if (testUser.getPerms() != null && !testUser.getPerms().equals("")) {
info.addStringPermission(testUser.getPerms());
}
return info;
}
/**
* 执行认证逻辑
*
* @param authenticationToken
* @return
* @throws AuthenticationException
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行认证逻辑");
/*获取令牌*/
UsernamePasswordToken passwordToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
//取出用户名并且判断用户名是否和数据库一致
TestUser testUser = testUserServer.selectOneByName(passwordToken.getUsername());
if (testUser != null) {
//进行认证,将正确数据给shiro处理
//密码不用自己比对,AuthenticationInfo认证信息对象,一个接口,new他的实现类对象SimpleAuthenticationInfo
/* 第一个参数随便放,可以放user对象,程序可在任意位置获取 放入的对象
* 第二个参数必须放密码,
* 第三个参数放 当前realm的名字,因为可能有多个realm*/
//若密码不正确则返回IncorrectCredentialsException异常
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(testUser, testUser.getPassword(), this.getName());
}
//若用户名不存在则返回UnknownAccountException异常
return null;
}
}
2.ShiroConfig
package com.gt.shiro.config;
import at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager) {
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//设置安全管理器
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
//添加一些Shiro的内置过滤器
/**
* Shiro 的内置过滤器可以实现权限的相关拦截
* 常用过滤器
* 1.anon:无需认证
* 2.authc:必须认证才能访问
* 3.user:如果使用rememberme功能可以访问
* 4.perms:对应权限才能访问
* 5.role:对应角色才能访问
*/
//登录状态下才可以访问main页面,manage权限可访问manage页面,admin角色可访问admin页面
Map filterMap = new LinkedHashMap();
filterMap.put("/main", "authc");
filterMap.put("/manage", "perms[manage]");
filterMap.put("/admin", "roles[admin]");
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
//未登录状态下访问将跳转至login页面
// 如果不设置默认会自动寻找Web工程根目录下的"/login.jsp"页面
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
// 登录成功后要跳转的链接
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/");
//无授限状态下访问将请求unauthor
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unAuth");
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
@Bean(name = "securityManager")
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm) {
DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
//DefaultWebSecurityManager需要关联一个Realm
defaultWebSecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
return defaultWebSecurityManager;
}
/**
* 创建realm
*/
@Bean(name = "userRealm")
public UserRealm getRealm() {
return new UserRealm();
}
@Bean
public ShiroDialect shiroDialect() {
return new ShiroDialect();
}
/**
* 开启Shiro的注解(如@RequiresRoles,@RequiresPermissions)
* 配置以下两个bean(DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator和AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor)即可实现此功能
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator advisorAutoProxyCreator() {
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator advisorAutoProxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
advisorAutoProxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
return advisorAutoProxyCreator;
}
/**
* 开启 shiro 的@RequiresPermissions注解
*
* @param securityManager
* @return
*/
@Bean
public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
}
/**
* shiro出现权限异常可通过此异常实现制定页面的跳转(或接口跳转)
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public SimpleMappingExceptionResolver simpleMappingExceptionResolver() {
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver resolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
Properties properties = new Properties();
/*未授权处理页*/
properties.setProperty("org.apache.shiro.authz.UnauthorizedException", "/error.html");
/*身份没有验证*/
properties.setProperty("org.apache.shiro.authz.UnauthenticatedException", "/error.html");
resolver.setExceptionMappings(properties);
return resolver;
}
}
1.实体类
package com.gt.shiro.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class TestUser implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
/*权限*/
private String perms;
/*角色*/
private String role;
/*加盐密码*/
private String salt;
}
2.Dao和Mapper
package com.gt.shiro.dao;
import com.gt.shiro.entity.TestUser;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import java.util.List;
@Mapper
public interface TestUserMapper {
List findAll();
TestUser selectOne(Integer id);
TestUser selectOneByName(String username);
void insert(TestUser testUser);
void update(TestUser testUser);
void delete(Integer id);
}
insert into test_user (id,username,password,perms,role,salt) value (#{id},#{username},#{password},#{perms},#{role},#{salt})
update test_user set username = #{username},password=#{password},perms=#{perms},role=#{role},salt=#{salt} where id = #{id}
delete from test_user where id = #{id}
3.业务层及其实现
package com.gt.shiro.server;
import com.gt.shiro.entity.TestUser;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public interface TestUserServer {
/*查询所有*/
List selectAll();
/*查询一个用户*/
TestUser selectByOne(Integer id);
/*通过名字查询一个用户*/
TestUser selectOneByName(String name);
/*增加一个用户*/
void insert(TestUser testUser);
/*删除一个用户*/
void delete(Integer id);
/*更新一个用户*/
void update(TestUser testUser);
}
package com.gt.shiro.server.serverImpl;
import com.gt.shiro.dao.TestUserMapper;
import com.gt.shiro.entity.TestUser;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.SecureRandomNumberGenerator;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.SimpleHash;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.sunyue.shiro.server.TestUserServer;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class TestUserServerImpl implements TestUserServer {
@Autowired
private TestUserMapper testUserMapper;
@Override
public List selectAll() {
return testUserMapper.findAll();
}
@Override
public TestUser selectByOne(Integer id) {
return testUserMapper.selectOne(id);
}
@Override
public TestUser selectOneByName(String name) {
return testUserMapper.selectOneByName(name);
}
@Override
public void insert(TestUser testUser) {
//加密写法
String salt = new SecureRandomNumberGenerator().nextBytes().toString();
String password= new SimpleHash("md5",testUser.getPassword(),salt,2).toString();
testUser.setPassword(password);
testUser.setSalt(salt);
testUserMapper.insert(testUser);
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
testUserMapper.delete(id);
}
@Override
public void update(TestUser testUser) {
testUserMapper.update(testUser);
}
}
4.控制层
package com.gt.shiro.controller;
import com.gt.shiro.entity.TestUser;
import com.gt.shiro.server.TestUserServer;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.crypto.hash.SimpleHash;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@Controller
public class indexController {
@Autowired
private TestUserServer testUserServer;
@GetMapping("/{url}")
public String redirect(@PathVariable("url") String url) {
return url;
}
@RequestMapping(value = {"/", "/index"}, method = RequestMethod.GET)
private String index() {
return "index";
}
@PostMapping("/login")
public String login(String username, String password, Model model) {
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
TestUser testUser = testUserServer.selectOneByName(username);
if (testUser != null) {
//根据salt值和用户输入的密码计算加密后的密码
String salt = testUser.getSalt();
password = new SimpleHash("md5", password, salt, 2).toString();
System.out.println(password);
}
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
//UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, testUser.getPassword());(不加密写法)
try {
//将用户名和密码通过token传给shiro进行认证
subject.login(token);
TestUser user = (TestUser) subject.getPrincipal();
subject.getSession().setAttribute("testUser", user);
return "index";
} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名不存在");
return "login";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
model.addAttribute("msg", "密码有误");
return "login";
}
}
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping("/unauthor")
public String unauthor() {
return "权限不足,无法访问";
}
@GetMapping("/logout")
public String logout() {
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
subject.logout();
return "login";
}
@PostMapping("/register")
public String register(TestUser testUser, Model model) {
String username = testUser.getUsername();
String password = testUser.getPassword();
if (username ** null || username.equals("")) {
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名不能为空");
return "register";
} else if (password ** null || password.equals("")) {
model.addAttribute("msg", "密码不能为空");
return "register";
} else if (testUserServer.selectOneByName(username) != null) {
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名已被占用");
return "register";
} else {
testUserServer.insert(testUser);
return "login";
}
}
}
5.前端页面
6.数据库文件
/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Source Server : sunyue
Source Server Version : 50724
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : shiro
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50724
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2021-01-11 22:00:47
*/
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for test_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `test_user`;
CREATE TABLE `test_user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(120) DEFAULT NULL,
`password` varchar(120) DEFAULT NULL,
`perms` varchar(120) DEFAULT NULL,
`role` varchar(120) DEFAULT NULL,
`salt` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of test_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `test_user` VALUES ('4', 'admin', '4867df2e009d0096c4cd8d9be8cc104c', 'manage', 'admin', 'GQR2m1N1o3nSLjtOzMITRQ**');
INSERT INTO `test_user` VALUES ('5', 'user', '636502f40cf197dd2f4b19f56f475b24', '', '', 'Kxw3HZiFmgnlUu8fmjMY7Q**');
INSERT INTO `test_user` VALUES ('6', 'user1', '43f3133aa7e0ef9cf8373521dff8d8e8', 'manage', null, 'J8fn4HpauvNOrlUaRl/Spg**');
INSERT INTO `test_user` VALUES ('7', '1', '1', 'manage', null, null);
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